The Iowa State Fair has boasted a "Butter Cow" since the early 1900s. The origins of butter sculpting, however, are far older than that. Nearly 20 years before Columbus discovered America, Tibetan monks used yak butter to create figurines of animals and deities for worship. Since then, this humble craft has evolved into high art.

In 1911 J.E. Wallace of Florida sculpted the Fair's first butter cow and was succeeded by Earl Frank Dutt of Illinois. Norma “Duffy” Lyon of Toledo, Iowa, continued the legacy, becoming the third person and first woman to sculpt the Fair's butter beauties.

In 2006, after 15 years of apprenticing with Duffy, Sarah Pratt of West Des Moines became the Fair's fourth butter sculptor. In addition to her first Butter Cow, Pratt also crafted Superman of “Superman Returns” (Norwalk, Iowa, native Brandon Routh, who starred as the man of steel) and "Mr. State Fair" Bill Riley (in honor of his 60th Fair).

The Butter Cow starts with a wood, metal, wire and steel mesh frame and about 600 lbs. of low moisture, pure cream Iowa butter. Once inside the 40-degree cooler, layers of butter are applied until a life-size butter cow emerges - measuring about 5-1/2-ft high and 8-ft long. Each year features one of the six major dairy breeds – Jersey, Ayrshire, Brown Swiss, Holstein, Guernsey and Milking Shorthorn.  

While a real dairy cow weighs more than 1,000 pounds, a 600-lb. butter cow would butter 19,200 slices of toast and take an average person two lifetimes to consume. Much of the butter is recycled and reused for up to 10 years.

In addition to the Butter Cow, another companion sculpture also graces the Agriculture Building coolers. Here are some that have been on display in previous years:

1996: Grant Wood's famous "American Gothic" (honoring Iowa's Sesquicentennial)
1997: Elvis Presley
1998: An American eagle
1999: Her own version of Leonardo DaVinci's "The Last Supper"
2000: Christian Peterson sculpting "The Gentle Doctor" statue (Petersen was Duffy's mentor and teacher.)
2001: John Wayne
2002: Peanuts Gang
2003: Harley-Davidson motorcycle (in honor of the company's 100th anniversary)
2004: Birthday cake in honor of the Fair's Sesquicentennial and an Iowa barn
2005: Tiger Woods
2006: "Mr. State Fair" Bill Riley (in honor of his 60th Fair) and Superman (Norwalk, Iowa, native Brandon Routh)
2007: Harry Potter
2008: Olympic gymnast Shawn Johnson and a tribute to four Iowans who changed the face of the world’s agriculture:  Etta May Budd, George Washington Carver, Henry Wallace and Norman Borlaug.  
2009: Tribute to the 40th anniversary of Neil Armstrong’s walk on the moon
2010: 50th anniversay of Dr. Seuss’ Green Eggs and Ham